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聽說，這些食品會讓人上癮？
Unitrans世聯(lián)
文章轉(zhuǎn)載自 21英語微商城 21世紀英文報
你愛吃零食嗎？薯片、冰激凌、巧克力、香腸、泡面……光想著哈喇子都要流下來了？
不知道你有沒有這種感覺，每次吃這些東西，就有一種“根本停不下來”的感覺，這是為啥呢？相關研究表明，超加工食品竟然讓人上癮！一起來了解一下吧！
Why are some foods so addictive?
為啥這些食品這么讓人“上頭”？
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Chips, cookies and ice cream ... These tasty foods, which are ultra-processed, may literally make you an “addict”, as revealed in a recent report in the British Medical Journal.
《英國醫(yī)學雜志》最近的一份報告顯示，薯片、曲奇和冰激凌……這些是不是你的最愛？但其實，這些經(jīng)過超加工的美味食物可能會讓你“上癮”！
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Simply put, ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are the foods that you can’t re-create in your kitchen, according to the BBC. Produced in factories, they often have long lists of ingredients that you don’t recognize, such as additives (添加劑), and are ready to eat or simply need to be heated.
什么是“超加工食品”？據(jù)BBC報道稱，簡單來說，就是你自己沒法在廚房里做的那些吃的。它們的食品成分表通常很長，還有一些根本看不懂的食品添加劑。它們通常吃起來很方便，直接吃或者簡單加熱就好。
The study’s researchers linked UPFs to addiction, which includes behaviors like strong cravings (渴望) and negative experiences when trying to stop consumption. They analyzed 281 studies from 36 different countries and regions. The findings showed that 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children have ultra-processed food addiction.
研究人員將超加工食品與上癮的感覺聯(lián)系起來：這種上癮表現(xiàn)在對這些食物的強烈渴望或不能購買時的消極情緒上。該研究報告稱，對來自36個不同國家的281項研究的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，“超加工食品上癮”發(fā)生在14%的成年人和12%的兒童身上。
Usually, natural foods are either high in carbohydrates (碳水化合物) or high in fat, but UPFs can be high in both, which contributes to their addictive potential. For example, as written in the report, 100 grams of salmon (三文魚) has 0 kcal from carbohydrates and 73 kcal from fat, while the same amount of a chocolate bar contains 237 kcal from carbohydrates and 266 kcal from fat.
一般來說，普通食物要么是碳水化合物含量高，要么脂肪含量高，但超加工食品可能都占！這也是會讓人們上癮的因素之一。例如：100克三文魚含有0千卡的碳水化合物和73千卡的脂肪，但100克巧克力含有237千卡的碳水化合物和266千卡的脂肪！
Such foods also deliver carbohydrates and fat to the gut faster. Although nuts are high in fat, the fat can’t be digested (消化) in the early stages. The fat in UPFs, however, is broken down before entering the duodenum (十二指腸), the first part of the small intestine (小腸), which signals the brain to produce more dopamine (多巴胺) – the “happy” chemical.
超加工食品能更快地將碳水化合物和脂肪輸送到腸道。超加工食品中的脂肪在進入十二指腸之前就已經(jīng)被分解。十二指腸會向大腦發(fā)出“快樂信號”，讓大腦產(chǎn)生更多的多巴胺——所以我們會在吃零食的時候超級快樂。
By acknowledging that certain UPFs are “addictive”, similar to cigarettes (煙) or alcohol (酒), “we may be able to help improve global health,” one of the study’s authors, Ashley Gearhardt, said in a press release. They are also calling for more action to combat (抗擊) such an addiction.
該研究的參與者提到：一些超加工食品確實會讓人有“上癮”的感覺，就像香煙或酒精帶給我們的感覺一樣。“知道這點也可以讓我們更關注健康，少吃超加工食物” 。
