掌握口譯的特點(diǎn)，對(duì)口譯工作會(huì)有很大的幫助，世聯(lián)翻譯公司帶大家了解口譯的特點(diǎn)是什么呢?

　　Mastering the characteristics of interpretation will be of great help to interpretation. What are the characteristics of interpretation?

　　現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感強(qiáng)，這是口譯比較突出的特點(diǎn)，它表現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面，及時(shí)性和互動(dòng)性。其中，及時(shí)性表現(xiàn)在口譯的輸入和輸出過(guò)程都是即時(shí)的、一次性的。從輸入的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，發(fā)言人的講話一般只講一次，沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)反復(fù)聆聽(tīng)。從輸出的角度來(lái)說(shuō)，譯員也只有一次翻譯的機(jī)會(huì)。雖然在某些情況下，可以通過(guò)重復(fù)、解釋、補(bǔ)充和修正等手段對(duì)產(chǎn)出進(jìn)行二次加工，但在大多數(shù)情況下，只有一次機(jī)會(huì)。

　　A strong sense of scene is a prominent feature of interpretation, which is manifested in two aspects: timeliness and interactivity. Among them, timeliness is manifested in that the input and output processes of interpretation are real-time and one-time. From the perspective of input, the speaker usually speaks only once and has no opportunity to listen repeatedly. From the perspective of output, translators have only one chance to translate. Although in some cases, the output can be reprocessed by means of repetition, interpretation, supplement and correction, in most cases, there is only one opportunity.

　　而互動(dòng)性則表現(xiàn)為口譯過(guò)程中，發(fā)言人和譯員必須在同一時(shí)間、同一個(gè)地點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)(在電話和視頻口譯中，是通過(guò)現(xiàn)代通訊技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的)，這樣帶來(lái)的結(jié)果之一就是發(fā)言人和譯員之間存在互動(dòng)。另外，譯員在發(fā)言時(shí)也要考慮非語(yǔ)言信息對(duì)產(chǎn)出的影響，比如如何通過(guò)合適的身體語(yǔ)言傳遞信息。

　　Interactivity is that in the process of interpretation, the speaker and the interpreter must appear at the same time and place (in telephone and video interpretation, it is realized through modern communication technology). One of the results is that there is interaction between the speaker and the interpreter. In addition, translators should also consider the impact of nonverbal information on output, such as how to convey information through appropriate body language.

　　口譯的特點(diǎn)除了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)感強(qiáng)這一比較突出的特點(diǎn)外，還表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面。

　　In addition to the prominent feature of strong sense of scene, interpretation is also reflected in the following aspects.

　　即席壓力性�？谧g是一種不可能預(yù)測(cè)的即席雙語(yǔ)傳言活動(dòng)�？谧g人員需要在準(zhǔn)備有限的情況下，即刻進(jìn)入雙語(yǔ)語(yǔ)碼切換狀態(tài)，進(jìn)行現(xiàn)時(shí)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的口譯操作。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)氣氛壓力大，特別是有的口譯場(chǎng)面非常嚴(yán)肅莊重，如國(guó)際會(huì)議和外交談判。正式場(chǎng)合的嚴(yán)肅氣氛會(huì)給經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足的譯員造成較大的心理壓力，緊張的情緒會(huì)影響譯員的自信。

　　Improvised stress. Interpretation is an impromptu bilingual rumor activity that can not be predicted. Interpreters need to immediately enter the bilingual code switching state to carry out the current on-site interpretation operation under the condition of limited preparation. There was great pressure on the scene, especially in some interpretation scenes, such as international conferences and diplomatic negotiations. The serious atmosphere in formal occasions will cause great psychological pressure on inexperienced translators, and the tension will affect the translator's self-confidence.

　　立體綜合性�？谧g是一種綜合運(yùn)用視、聽(tīng)、說(shuō)，讀、寫(xiě)等知識(shí)和技能的語(yǔ)言操作活動(dòng)。譯員必須具有觀察捕捉說(shuō)話者的臉部表情、手勢(shì)體姿、情緒變化等非語(yǔ)言因素的能力;能夠耳聽(tīng)會(huì)意各種帶地方口音以及不同語(yǔ)速的話語(yǔ)的能力;能用母語(yǔ)和外語(yǔ)進(jìn)行流利而達(dá)意地表達(dá)能力;在口譯過(guò)程中能進(jìn)行快速筆記、快速理解的能力。口譯屬一種立體式、交叉型的信息傳播方式。

　　Three dimensional comprehensive. Interpretation is a language operation activity that comprehensively uses knowledge and skills such as vision, listening, speaking, reading and writing. The interpreter must have the ability to observe and capture the nonverbal factors such as the speaker's facial expression, gesture, posture and emotional changes; The ability to listen and understand all kinds of words with local accents and different speech speeds; Ability to express ideas fluently in native and foreign languages; The ability to take notes quickly and understand quickly in the process of interpretation. Interpretation is a three-dimensional and cross mode of information transmission.

　　內(nèi)容的繁雜性。譯員的口譯范圍沒(méi)有限界，內(nèi)容可以上至天文，下及地理，無(wú)所不涉，無(wú)所不包，繁雜無(wú)限。口譯的服務(wù)對(duì)象是各界人士，來(lái)自各個(gè)階層、各行各業(yè)，有著不同的教育文化背景，在交際過(guò)程中他們會(huì)有意無(wú)意地將自己所熟悉的專業(yè)知識(shí)表達(dá)出來(lái)，這是譯員無(wú)法回避的現(xiàn)實(shí)。譯員必須是一名通曉百事的雜家。

　　Complexity of content. There is no limit to the scope of the interpreter's interpretation. The content can range from astronomy to geography. It is all inclusive and complex. The service objects of interpretation are people from all walks of life, from all walks of life, with different educational and cultural backgrounds. In the process of communication, they will express their familiar professional knowledge intentionally or unintentionally, which is an unavoidable reality for interpreters. The interpreter must be a master of Pepsi.

　　個(gè)體操作性。譯員屬單一的個(gè)體工作者，其勞動(dòng)具有很強(qiáng)的獨(dú)立操作性。口譯需要當(dāng)場(chǎng)、即時(shí)完成，譯員通常聽(tīng)到的是只講一次、不再重復(fù)的話語(yǔ)，他在正確理解的同時(shí)必須立即獨(dú)立地進(jìn)行一次性的翻譯。通常譯員在整個(gè)口譯過(guò)程中基本上是孤立無(wú)援的，譯員必須隨時(shí)獨(dú)立處理可能碰到的任何問(wèn)題。

　　Individual operability. The translator is a single individual worker whose work has strong independent operability. Interpretation needs to be completed on the spot and in time. What an interpreter usually hears is words that are only spoken once and no longer repeated. While correctly understanding, he must immediately and independently translate at one time. Usually, the interpreter is basically helpless in the whole process of interpretation. The interpreter must deal with any problems that may be encountered independently at any time.

　　跨文化交際性�？谧g作為一種跨文化交際活動(dòng)，不是從原句到譯句的譯碼，而是接收原句后必須經(jīng)過(guò)信息概念轉(zhuǎn)化，才能以譯語(yǔ)表達(dá)原語(yǔ)的意思。口譯的模式由三大塊組成，左邊是原語(yǔ)輸入，右邊是譯語(yǔ)輸出，中間連接左右兩邊的是信息概念轉(zhuǎn)換。

　　Cross cultural communication. As a cross-cultural communication activity, interpretation is not the decoding from the original sentence to the target sentence, but after receiving the original sentence, it must go through the transformation of information concept in order to express the meaning of the source language in the target language. The mode of interpretation consists of three parts: the source language input on the left, the target language output on the right, and the information concept transformation connecting the left and right.

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