1(世博英文翻譯公司). 為了語法上的需要 

英語中沒有量詞，漢譯時就得根據(jù)漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣增加合適的量詞。例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.

東南方呈現(xiàn)一抹淺紅，正在向遠(yuǎn)處擴(kuò)展。

(2) The sun rose thinly from the sea.

一輪紅日從海邊淡淡升起。

(3(世博北京翻譯公司)) A stream was winding its ways through the valley into the river.

一彎溪水蜿蜒流過山谷，匯到江里去了。

(4) I was extremely worried about her, but this was neither the place nor the time for a lecture or an argument.

我真替他萬分擔(dān)憂，但此時此地既不宜教訓(xùn)她一番，也不宜與她爭論一通。

(5) It was a nova!

這是一顆新星！

英語動詞有時、體的變化、有語氣，而漢語動詞卻沒有對等的表現(xiàn)形式，翻譯時常常須增加一些表示時體和語氣的詞才行。例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) I had imagined it to be merely a gesture of affection, but it seems it is to smell the lamb and make sure that it is her own.

原來我以為這不過是一種親熱的表示，但是現(xiàn)在看來，這是為了聞一聞羊羔的味道，來斷定是不是自己生的。

(2) I was, and remain, grateful for the part he played in my release.

我的獲釋是他成全的，對此我過去很感激，現(xiàn)在仍然很感激。

(3(世博北京翻譯公司)) The old man said, " They say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are."

老人說："聽人說，從前他父親是個打魚的。他過去也許跟我們現(xiàn)在一樣窮。"

(4) The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.

原來老頭兒已教會了孩子捕魚，所以孩子很愛他。

(5) English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so.

現(xiàn)今英國散文華巧而欠簡樸，過去卻并非總是如此。

英語的可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之別，漢語則沒有。翻譯時常常有必要增詞以便傳達(dá)這一含義。例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) The lion is the king of animals.

獅子是百獸之王。

(2) I saw bubbles rising from under the water.

我看見一個個水泡從水下升起。

(3(世博北京翻譯公司)) The very earth trembled as with the tramps of horses and murmur of angry men.

連大地都震動了，仿佛萬馬奔騰，千夫怒吼。

(4) The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley.

群山已在山谷里開始投下蔚藍(lán)色的長影。

(5) An individual human existence should be like a river-small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls.

一個人的一生可以比作一條河流：開始身軀很小，兩岸之間非常狹窄，水流湍急，沖過礫石，飛下懸瀑。

英語中常用省略句，翻譯時要根據(jù)漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，作些適當(dāng)?shù)脑鲅a(bǔ)。例如：

(1(世博英文翻譯公司)) I judge I would saw out and leave that night if pap got drunk enough, and I reckoned he would.

我猜那天晚上爸要是醉得夠厲害的，我就可以鋸?fù)昴莻€洞鉆出去，我算計著他是會醉得夠嗆的。（增補(bǔ)he would后省略的成分）

(2) She ate little. Food sickened her, and I think much of life too.

她吃得很少；她厭惡食物，我覺得她也厭惡生活。

(3(世博北京翻譯公司)) When I turned around, John was grinning, expectant, studying my face intently to see if he had pleased me. He had.

我轉(zhuǎn)過身，只見約翰正咧著嘴笑，滿臉期待的神情；他熱切的目光想從我的臉上探明他是否博得了我的歡心。他確實博得了我的歡心。（增補(bǔ)he had后被省略的部分）

(4) Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.

勇敢過度，即成蠻勇；疼愛過度，即成溺愛；儉約過度，即成貪婪。（增補(bǔ)被省掉的in excess becomes）

漢語中，主語隱含不顯或無主語的情況時常可見。譯成英語，則必須按照英語的規(guī)則，將主語增補(bǔ)起來。

1(世博英文翻譯公司) 沉默呵，沉默呵！不在沉默中爆發(fā)，就在沉默中滅亡。

Silence, silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence! (添補(bǔ)包括作者和讀者在內(nèi)的we做主語，使譯文再現(xiàn)了原文的信息功能與表情功能。) 翻譯公司 (責(zé)任編輯：世博翻譯公司)