例：During this transfer， traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

　　在這種轉(zhuǎn)變中，歷史學(xué)家研究歷史時(shí)，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實(shí)了傳統(tǒng)的歷史研究方法。

七、英譯漢中的變化

　　一個(gè)是結(jié)構(gòu)上的變化，另一個(gè)是英語詞上的變化

　　(1)結(jié)構(gòu)上的變化

　　例：This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.

　　給某些與當(dāng)前目標(biāo)無關(guān)但將來可能產(chǎn)生影響的科研以支持，看來通常能有效地解決這個(gè)問題。

　　(2)用詞上的變化

　　例：Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

　　人們之所以關(guān)注歷史研究的方法論，主要是因?yàn)槭穼W(xué)界內(nèi)部意見不一，其次是因?yàn)橥饨绮⒉徽J(rèn)為歷史是一門學(xué)問。

　　例：The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.

　　行為科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展一直緩慢，部分原因是用來解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的，部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到。

八、英譯漢中的省略關(guān)系

　　(1)動(dòng)詞的省略

　　例：How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.

　　這些預(yù)測(cè)在多大程度上為后來的表現(xiàn)所證實(shí)，這取決于所采用信息的數(shù)量、可靠性和適宜性，以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智。

　　(2)名詞的省略

　　例：But even more important,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

 

 

但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　(3)修飾語的省略

　　例：But even more important,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

　　但更為重要的是，這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象，因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　(4)從句引導(dǎo)詞的省略

　　(5)相同結(jié)構(gòu)的省略

　　例：Actually， it isn''t,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights,which is something the world does not have.

　　事實(shí)上這種提問并不能把問題講清楚，因?yàn)樗且匀藗儗?duì)人權(quán)的共同認(rèn)識(shí)為假設(shè)的，而這種共同認(rèn)識(shí)并不存在。

　九、英譯漢中的倒裝

　　(1)在疑問句倒裝

　　(2)在感嘆句倒裝

　　(3)在否定詞之后倒裝

　　(4)在only的復(fù)詞短語，或復(fù)詞從句放在句首加強(qiáng)語氣

　　(5)so或so+形容詞或者復(fù)詞放在句首加強(qiáng)語氣

　　(6)if從句省略if的時(shí)候

　　(7)表示地點(diǎn)的句詞，短語放在句首的時(shí)候

　　(8)表語放在句首加強(qiáng)語氣

　　(9)復(fù)詞或者介詞短語放在句首加強(qiáng)語氣

　　例：For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

　　例如，測(cè)試并不能彌補(bǔ)明顯的社會(huì)不公；因此，它們不能說明一個(gè)物質(zhì)條件差的年輕人，如果在較好的環(huán)境下成長(zhǎng)的話，會(huì)有多大才干。

　　例：Odd though it sounds,cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics,and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.

　　宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七、八年來一直認(rèn)為這一論說是正確的。 翻譯公司 (責(zé)任編輯：世博翻譯公司)