6. But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.
分析:這是一個主從復(fù)合句。to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well-being 是 extent 的定語從句。that can make the difference between a full and an empty life 是 psychological well-being 的定語從句。intangible,crucial 和 psychological 這三個形容詞很容易被誤認(rèn)為是平行結(jié)構(gòu),事實上,intangible,crucial是修飾 psychological well-being 的。翻譯本句不能用直譯,例如extent 就不能直接譯出來。故采用意譯為主。
譯文:但我們很少認(rèn)識到,工作在心理健康方面給予我們的決定生活是充實還是空虛的那種難以察覺、但至關(guān)重要的東西有多少。
7. The aims of our present-day culture are avowedly ease and material well being: shorter hours; a shorter week; more return for less accomplishment; more soft-soap excuses and fewer honest, realistic demands.
分析:本句雖然很長,卻是簡單句。句子的主干是 the aims are avowedly ease and material well being,除此之外,后面的全部與aims 是同位語關(guān)系,進(jìn)一步說明aims 。比較結(jié)構(gòu)用的是形容詞的比較級 shorter hours, more return…。翻譯時采用順序法。形容詞的比較級則譯為漢語的偏正結(jié)構(gòu)。
譯文:我們當(dāng)代文明承認(rèn)的目標(biāo)就是追求舒適和物質(zhì)享受:每天的工作時間越來越短;每周的工作日越來越少;以少的成就換取多的報酬;姑息寬容的理由越多,正當(dāng)而又實際的要求就越少。
8. Marriage has never been more popular and desirable than it is now——so appealing in fact, that even those who are in the process of divorce can scarcely wait for the law to allow them to marry again.
分析:本句是主從復(fù)合句,than 后面跟的是一個句子:it is (popular) now,appealing 的邏輯主語是marriage,其主干結(jié)構(gòu)是 so…that…; that 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示結(jié)果。在該狀語從句中還有who 引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾those,wait for 與否定詞連用,表示“急于做某事”。翻譯時采用順序法。但是who 從句需要譯成定語。
譯文:婚姻從未像現(xiàn)在這樣受大眾歡迎,為大眾所渴望。事實上,婚姻是如此地吸引人,以至那些正在辦理離婚手續(xù)的人,幾乎等不到法律的判決,就想再度結(jié)婚了。
9. Much as she loved her cat, we may imagine that she was more horror than grief-stricken at her discovery.
分析:本句中的as 放在主語前面,并與副詞連用,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意思是“盡管”。在該句中還有 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作 imagine 的賓語。比較級結(jié)構(gòu)中,總是拿兩個同類的事物或概念做比較。
譯文:盡管她很愛那只貓,但是我們可以想象,當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)那只貓的樣子時,與其說是傷心至極,不如說是驚恐萬分。
1(世博翻譯公司)0. Such estimates are little better than guesses.
分析:本句的比較結(jié)構(gòu)是little better than,意思相當(dāng)于 almost the same as,意為“幾乎與……一樣”、“簡直是”。
譯文:這類估算近于猜測。
倒裝和分割結(jié)構(gòu)
為了強調(diào)句子的某些部分,或是為了保持句子平衡,英語中常常使用倒裝。大體說來,倒裝可以分為主謂倒裝和非主謂倒裝。主謂倒裝里又分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝。在翻譯的時候,既可以按照主謂語的順序翻譯,也可以按照字面意思翻譯。非主謂倒裝只是將強調(diào)部分前置,以保持句子平衡或是起強調(diào)作用。翻譯時可以采用順序譯法或是倒序譯法。
1(世博翻譯公司). For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
分析:本句中had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 屬于部分倒裝。正常語序為:if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances。在正式文體中,可以將虛擬條件句中的if 省略,并將助動詞提前。
譯文:例如,它們(指測試)并不彌補社會的不公,因此不能說明一個貧困青年,要是在比較有利的境況下長大,會有多大才干。
2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom” generation reached its child-bearing years.
翻譯公司 (責(zé)任編輯:世博翻譯公司) |